Border trade remains a critical

Border trade remains a critical pillar of Myanmar’s economy, accounting for $7.7 billion of its $30 billion international trade in 2023-2024. However, post-coup policies, such as foreign exchange controls, increased import restrictions, and ongoing armed conflicts, have disrupted traditional trade routes and exacerbated economic challenges. EAOs have gained significant influence over Myanmar’s border trade, controlling major trade hubs like Muse and Chinshwehaw. This shift challenges the military junta’s authority. It has forced foreign stakeholders, including China and India, to engage directly with EAOs to safeguard their investments. Myanmar’s reliance on low-complexity exports, such as natural gas and jade, contrasts with its trading partners’ focus on value-added goods. Addressing this imbalance through industrial development, technological advancement, and export diversification is crucial for achieving equitable and sustainable trade growth in Myanmar. สล็อตเว็บตรง